It does not raise eye pressure. It occurs after the age of forties. No symptom output insidiously progresses. It is one thing to cause sudden blindness.
Glaucoma is a disease of the nerve with the review brain. The optic nerve is formed by the fusion of many nerve fibers. The optic nerve fibers are damaged. Visual field blind spots are formed. These blind spots are often undetectable. Most of the optic nerve is passed for diagnosis when it knows the damage. When he knows the damage to the entire optic nerve, blindness occurs.
Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is critical. It is important for the prevention of optic nerves and blindness that may occur from glaucoma. With early treatment, vision loss from glaucoma can be prevented.
What Causes Glaucoma?
There is a clear fluid called aqueous humor that fills the front of the eye. In order to keep the eye pressure at a level of healthy preservation, the same amount of fluid leaves the eye while constant rates of intraocular fluid are produced. Aqueous humor reviewed with a microscopic duct system. (This fluid has nothing to do with tears, the outer contents of the eye.
Since the eye is a closed system, when this microscopic canal system (also called the drainage angle) is blocked, it does not allow the amount of fluid to be taken into account, and the excess fluid pressure in the eye increases, creating pressure and damaging the optic nerve.
What Are the Different Types of Glaucoma?
Chronic open-angle glaucoma: It is the most common type of glaucoma. The risk of developing chronic open-angle glaucoma increases with age. Over time, as the microscopic canal system begins to fail, the pressure inside the eye gradually increases and the optic nerve gradually begins to be damaged. In some patients, the optic nerve may even become sensitive to normal intraocular pressure. Treatment is necessary to prevent further vision loss.
Typically, open-angle glaucoma has no signs in the early stages and vision remains normal. When the optic nerve begins to become severely damaged, black (dark) spots begin to appear in the visual field. While these dark spots may not be noticed in daily activities at first, they can be felt when serious damage occurs and these spots enlarge. When all optic nerve fibers die, blindness occurs.
Angle-closure glaucoma: Angle-closure glaucoma occurs when the iris, the part that gives the eye its color, blocks the microscopic canal system. These eyes are typically small and often hyperopic eyes. When the iris blocks the drainage angle, the intraocular fluid cannot flow out and begins to accumulate in the eye. This leads to the rapid development of angle-closure glaucoma.
Among the findings; Blurred vision, Severe eye pain, Headache, Rainbow halos around lights, and Nausea and vomiting.
This is an eye emergency. If you experience any of these signs, call your eye doctor immediately. Blindness can occur if this type of glaucoma is not treated promptly.
Unfortunately, two-thirds of angle-closure glaucoma cases develop without any previous evidence of glaucoma.
Who is At Risk for Glaucoma?
Among the most important risk factors are; Age, High intraocular pressure, Family history of glaucoma, Myopia or hyperopia, Past eye trauma, Thin cornea (glassy layer of the eye) thickness, and Systemic health problems (eg, diabetes, migraine, circulation problems, etc.) can be counted.
Your eye doctor evaluates all these factors. This way you will know if you need treatment for glaucoma. It will be determined whether you need to be followed closely because of the suspicion of glaucoma. It is important to detect the suspicion of glaucoma. Because it means that your risk of developing glaucoma in the future is higher than normal and you need regular examination to detect early damage to your optic nerve.
How is Glaucoma Detected?
Regular eye exams by your ophthalmologist are the best way to detect glaucoma. Measuring your eye pressure alone is not enough to determine whether you have glaucoma. The only sure way to detect glaucoma is to do a complete eye exam.
During your evaluation for glaucoma, your eye doctor will look at: measuring your intraocular pressure (tonometry), examining the drainage angle of your eye (gonioscopy), determining if there is damage to your optic nerve (ophthalmoscopy), and evaluating the visual field of each eye (perimetry).
It is recommended that the optic nerve be photographed or visualized by another computerized method. All of these methods may not be necessary for everyone. In addition, these tests may need to be repeated at regular intervals to monitor for changes in your condition.
How is Glaucoma Treated?
Damage to the eye caused by glaucoma is irreversible. Eye drops, laser surgery and surgical interventions are applied to prevent further loss. In some cases, oral therapy is also used.
In order to prevent vision loss in all types of glaucoma, regular check-ups are very important. Since glaucoma can progress without you being aware of it, it may be necessary to make adjustments in your treatment from time to time.
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